Here, I'll show you analogous structures from a different species, Eleodes novoverruculus (or E. novoverrucula, depending on reference).
The background story is that this species is active on warm days even during winter. I found this one crossing a walking path near the Columbia River a couple of weeks ago, on or about Feb 4.
Working from large scale to small...
This is setup for the whole-body shot. Clearly the weather has gotten a lot worse since I found the specimen -- note the snow and icicles.

To be clear, this is a dead specimen, posture held with pins until it dried, then moved to this sand to be photographed in a more-or-less natural appearance.

Cropping tightly to the rear of the elytra, we can see some spines.

Then under much higher magnification, we can see details of the bump-and-spine structure.

Stereo pair, crossed eyes, +-5 degrees.

A close crop, retouched from slab outputs to fix apparently transparent bristles.

To me this is an interesting comparison with the much more peg-like bumps found on the other species.
The overview stack is with Canon EF macro 100mm f/2.8L IS USM macro lens, 28 frames focus-stepped by manual tweaking of the focus ring.
High mag using Mututoyo M Plan Apo 20X NA 0.42 with Raynox DCR-150, 21.2X measured magnification on sensor of Canon T1i. Illumination with one Jansjö lamp, through tracing paper diffuser. ISO 100 at 1/4 second, EFSC. 181 frames at 0.003 mm focus step.
I shot and processed the stack initially on an Apple Mac mini with M1 chip, with Zerene Stacker mostly running in native mode (native JRE, but with Rosetta emulation for the StackShot helper inside Zerene Stacker and Canon EOS Utility running beside it). I saved the project on Mac, moved the project folder to Windows, and finished processing there. I was pleased to see that all worked well. Apple did a nice job with the M1.
Species identification from using the keys in "Darkling beetle populations (Tenebrionidae) of the Hanford site in southcentral Washington", cross-checked against the illustrations at https://www.zoology.ubc.ca/entomology/m ... leodes.php, especially https://www.zoology.ubc.ca/entomology/m ... al)%20.jpg .
--Rik