Looks like a device for aligning something inside of the smaller hole, under the cover glass.
Massive, must weight at least 10-12 pounds , overall about 4" x 5", 1.5" high. Knobs are about 1.5" diameter.
Has two large micrometer knobs, knobs give 0.0001" per marking (2.5 microns), 250 marks per rotation, so major increments on barrels are 0.1", ideal for high magnification stacking (if I can figure out how to mount vertical

Springs are shot, so will only move effectively in one direction, in both X and Y axis.
Center has a round piece of glass, may have been attached to something, but can rotate the large ring by hand, angle of rotation given in 1 degree increments in window.
Has threaded holes and alignment pins, for?, around top ring, some other attachments, maybe for a hinge feature, on the bottom. As the bottom is a sliding element, this most likely was a component to be inserted something much bigger.
Any ideas of what this is from?
top

micrometer knob

detail of center

bottom view

All images taken with my HTC Android desire, with LED flash, some interference with fluorescent lighting and cloudy diffuse light from outside.