Again a difficult question (for me). I think this is the "tadpole" larva from Botryllus schlosseri (a colonial star tunicate). Maybe somebody can help me and say if am I right or not. In any case this larva is a very rare guest in the plankton.
4 pictures in DIC and in BF, Mediterranean sea plankton
I am sure that you are correct - it is a "tadpole" larva of a colonial ascidian...but which species? Obviously Botryllus schlosseri is a strong candidate as it is common around Naples.
Whatever the species, once more these are great photos from you of an unusual and interesting organism - thank you.
Meanwhile I asked (per email) experts about this animal. They excluded Botryllus or Botrylloides. Id could be an ascidian larva (as already Brian wrote) from the Didemnidae or from Alpidium.
Many thanks to Brian.
your pictures are very interesting and also beautiful, but I am not able to find an answer about the species. Certainly the species of your last photo is very different from the other pictures. I will send you a privat mail with the internet adresses of two experts for ascidians and if you want you can write them.